Dysthymia Could be Caused by Biological Factors: A Truth or a Myth?

Introduction

Mood disorder is known to be caused by life events and psychosocial factors. Nevertheless, exhibit has been base that strongly suggest that biologic factors much(prenominal) as genes and neurotransmitters play a business office in mood disorders such(prenominal) as bipolar depression and substance use disorders (cite). In this paper, a milder unipolar depression, dysthymia, will be examined as whether biological factors play a role in it. Dysthymia is delimit as a mild chronic depression which stick up at least two years (cite). It must brood two of the fol woefuling symptoms: appetite disturbances, sleeping problems, disordered energy, low self-esteem, low concentration, inability to make decisions and sense of hopelessness; the soul must not endure other disorders or waste pharmacological substances that have physiological effects (cite).

Little research has been conducted into examine the genetic factors and no or weak evidence of the role of genetic factors in dysthymia was found up to this re-create (cite, book). Nevertheless, several studies found ab averageities in neurotransmitters activities and dysregulation of neuroendocrine (cite) in dysthymic patients. Rabindran, ........ have found higher cortisol (a certain type of hormones) levels and bring low platelet MAO activity in dysthymic patients than that in control, and low pre-treatment serotonin levels was associated with high depression rates. (cite, p.).



Furthermore, patients responded to the treatment were also found to have significantly lower pre-treatment but higher post-treatment serotonin levels compared to patients who didnt respond to the treatment. They have significantly different amount of urinary metabolites compared to nonresponders, suggesting the existence of a subgroup of dysthymic patients and a biological substrate.

Other than that, Knutson, D.J. (1998) has demonstrated rejoinder in terms of less negative emotions in normal volunteers without mood disorders after administration of an antidepressant, paroxetine. The decrease of negative emotions such as sadness and hostility is significantly large in the...

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